What's wrong with testing acceleration from 40 to 70 MPH?

Table of Third Gear Speeds & RPM

Trans RPM @ RPM @ MPH @MPH @MPH @MPH @ MPH @
Car Axle Ratio Tire SizeTRPM40 MPH70 MPH4000 4500 7000 7500 8000
Miata 4.300 1.33 185 60 14910 3470 6072 46.1 51.9 80.7
RX-3 SP '76 3.727 1.397 175 70 13904 3138 5492 51.0 57.4 89.2 95.6 102.0
RX-3 SP '77 3.727 1.390 175 70 13904 3122 5464 51.2 57.7 89.7 96.1 102.5
'84 12A 3.933 1.419 185 70 13894 3327 5822 48.1 54.1 84.2 90.2 96.2
'84-5 12A 3.909 1.419 185 70 13894 3306 5786 48.4 54.4 84.7 90.7 96.8
RX-7 '79-83 3.909 1.433 185 70 13894 3338 5842 47.9 53.9 83.9 89.9 95.9
'83 Ltd 3.909 1.433 195 60 14891 3327 5823 48.1 54.1 84.2 90.2 96.2
GSL-SE 4.077 1.419 205 60 14874 3371 5899 47.5 53.4 83.1 89.0 94.9
'77 RX-4 3.636 1.390 195 70 13873 2942 5148 54.4 61.2 95.2 102.0 108.8
'74 RX-4 3.900 1.397 BR 70 13872 3167 5543 50.5 56.8 88.4 94.7 101.0
'76 Cosmo 3.636 1.397 185 70 14855 2896 5067 55.3 62.2 96.7 103.6 110.5
'77 Cosmo 3.636 1.390 185 70 14855 2881 5042 55.5 62.5 97.2 104.1 111.1
'86-'91 Base 4.100 1.366 185 70 14855 3192 5587 50.1 56.4 87.7 94.0 100.2
'86-'91 RX-7 4.100 1.366 205 60 15841 3140 5495 51.0 57.3 89.2 95.5 101.9
'93 RX-7 4.100 1.391 225 50 16829 3152 5516 50.8 57.1 88.8 95.2 101.5
RX-7 GTUs 4.300 1.366 205 55 16828 3242 5674 49.3 55.5 86.4 92.5 98.7
RX-7 T2 4.100 1.391 205 55 16828 3148 5509 50.8 57.2 88.9 95.3 101.6

Below Are Some Examples of Optional Changes

Trans RPM @ RPM @ MPH @MPH @MPH @MPH @ MPH @
Car Axle Ratio Tire SizeTRPM40 MPH70 MPH4000 4500 7000 7500 8000
RX-7 '79-83 3.727 1.433 205 50 15897 3194 5589 50.1 56.4 87.7 93.9 100.2
'84-5 12A 3.727 1.419 205 50 15897 3163 5535 50.6 56.9 88.5 94.8 101.2
RX-7 '79-83 3.909 1.433 205 50 15897 3350 5862 47.8 53.7 83.6 89.6 95.5
'84-5 12A 3.909 1.419 205 50 15897 3317 5805 48.2 54.3 84.4 90.4 96.5
RX-7 '79-83 4.111 1.433 205 50 15897 3523 6165 45.4 51.1 79.5 85.2 90.8
'84-5 12A 4.111 1.419 205 50 15897 3489 6105 45.9 51.6 80.3 86.0 91.7
RX-7 '79-83 4.375 1.433 205 50 15897 3749 6561 42.7 48.0 74.7 80.0 85.4
'84-5 12A 4.375 1.419 205 50 15897 3713 6497 43.1 48.5 75.4 80.8 86.2
RX-7 '79-83 4.444 1.433 205 50 15897 3808 6665 42.0 47.3 73.5 78.8 84.0
'84-5 12A 4.444 1.419 205 50 15897 3771 6600 42.4 47.7 74.2 79.5 84.8
RX-7 '79-83 4.625 1.433 205 50 15897 3963 6936 40.4 45.4 70.7 75.7 80.7
'84-5 12A 4.625 1.419 205 50 15897 3925 6868 40.8 45.9 71.3 76.4 81.5
RX-7 '79-83 4.875 1.433 205 50 15897 4177 7310 38.3 43.1 67.0 71.8 76.6
'84-5 12A 4.875 1.419 205 50 15897 4137 7239 38.7 43.5 67.7 72.5 77.4
RX-7 '79-83 5.125 1.433 205 50 15897 4392 7685 36.4 41.0 63.8 68.3 72.9
'84-5 12A 5.125 1.419 205 50 15897 4349 7611 36.8 41.4 64.4 69.0 73.6

Best Viewed Full Screen at 800 X 600 or Higher

Heading Legend
Car - Line is for the OEM tire size & axle ratio.
Axle - OEM axle ratio for the M/T equipped car listed.
Trans Ratio - Third gear ratio in OEM transmission.
Tire Size - Section Width (mm) - Aspect Ratio (%) - Rim Diameter (in)
TRPM - Tire revolutions per mile
Engine RPM @ 40 MPH
Engine RPM @ 70 MPH
MPH @ 4000 RPM
MPH @ 4500 RPM
MPH @ 7000 RPM
MPH @ 7500 RPM
MPH @ 8000 RPM

Note 1 - If you are using non-standard tires, just divide your TRPM by that in the chart and multiply that result by the table entry to get your speed or RPM.

Note 2 - If you are using non-standard axle, just divide your ratio by that in the chart and multiply that result by the table entry to get your speed or RPM.

What is this chart for?

40 to 70 MPH times are OK for comparing certain cars to certain others, like those with similar drivetrains and power to weight ratios. Such tests don't make any attempt to take best advantage of available power, they can't. Some cars can span the whole range in a single gear. Those that can't are at a disadvantage, because a variable that has nothing to do with the vehicle, shifting skill, is necessarily part of the measured result. Magazines that do tests have to have some standard for comparision, and such tests do what they are intended to do, which is not to form a basis for comparing before and after results of modifications.

However, for comparing the results of modifications designed to increase power, assuming you don't have a real dyno or a G-Tech, the test should be run through the heart of the power band. If you examine the chart above, you will see that for nearly every car listed, 40 MPH is below the engine's torque peak, and 70 MPH is below the engine's power peak and redline, usually way below. With the Miata, T2, FD & unmodified NA rotaries, a much better test is one run from 4000 RPM to 7000 RPM. Porting and headers move the NA rotary's power band up, so a test from 4000 or 4500 to 7500 or 8000 does a better job of centering on the power band, giving a much better indication of the results of any changes made.

Why third gear? First of all, the test must be run in a single gear to prevent shifting variations from producing an uncontrolled variable. Second gear may be OK for cars with low power to weight ratios, such as totally stock 12A first gens, but for the rest, particularly those using shorter rear gears, the timing interval in second is so short that statistical variation becomes a misleadingly large percentage of the indicated measurement. Using fourth gear instead requires a much larger testing area, which is without question unacceptably dangerous using the space available to most of us.

How to run a third gear acceleration test

First, the test should be run someplace where the test speeds are safe and lawful.

The location should be level, or as close to level as possible. To account for any grade and less than perfect stopwatch or other skills, several runs should be made in each direction and the results averaged. Mash the pedal to the floor several hundred RPM or MPH before the start speed or RPM and hit the stopwatch button as the needle crosses the starting point, and again when it reaches the end point, then reducing your speed for your analysis or next run. Hitting the pedal early allows all systems to stabilize before measurement begins, reducing variables to the minimum, such as the effects of boost lag or accelerator pump shot. Also, you aren't trying to coordinate your button finger with your right foot while driving.


Some Acceleration Statistics

Table of 4th & 5th Gear RPM at 60 MPH

5th RPM RPM
Car Axle Ratio Tire SizeTRPMIn 4thIn 5th
Miata 4.300 0.814 185 60 14910 3913 3185
RX-3 SP '76 3.727 0.862 175 70 13904 3369 2904
RX-3 SP '77 3.727 0.791 175 70 13904 3369 2665
'84 12A 3.933 0.807 185 70 13894 3516 2839
'84-5 12A 3.909 0.807 185 70 13894 3495 2821
RX-7 '79-83 3.909 0.825 185 70 13894 3495 2883
'83 Ltd 3.909 0.825 195 60 14891 3483 2873
GSL-SE 4.077 0.758 205 60 14874 3563 2703
GSL-SE 4.083 0.711 205 60 14874 3569 2537
'77 RX-4 3.636 0.791 195 70 13873 3175 2511
'74 RX-4 3.900 NA BR 70 13872 3401 NA
'76 Cosmo 3.636 0.862 185 70 14855 3109 2680
'77 Cosmo 3.636 0.791 185 70 14855 3109 2459
'86-'91 Base 4.100 0.697 185 70 14855 3505 2445
'86-'91 RX-7 4.100 205 60 15841 3448 0
'93 RX-7 4.100 0.719 225 50 16829 3399 2444
RX-7 GTUs 4.300 0.758 205 55 16828 3560 2700
RX-7 T2 4.100 0.758 205 55 16828 3395 2575

Below Are Some Examples of Optional Changes

5th RPM RPM
Car Axle Ratio Tire SizeTRPMIn 4thIn 5th
RX-7 '79-83 3.727 0.825 205 50 15897 3343 2758
'84-5 12A 3.727 0.807 205 50 15897 3343 2699
RX-7 '79-83 3.909 0.825 205 50 15897 3506 2893
'84-5 12A 3.909 0.807 205 50 15897 3506 2831
RX-7 '79-83 4.111 0.825 205 50 15897 3688 3042
'84-5 12A 4.111 0.807 205 50 15897 3688 2977
RX-7 '79-83 4.375 0.825 205 50 15897 3924 3238
'84-5 12A 4.375 0.807 205 50 15897 3924 3168
RX-7 '79-83 4.444 0.825 205 50 15897 3987 3289
'84-5 12A 4.444 0.807 205 50 15897 3987 3218
RX-7 '79-83 4.625 0.825 205 50 15897 4149 3423
'84-5 12A 4.625 0.807 205 50 15897 4149 3349
RX-7 '79-83 4.875 0.825 205 50 15897 4373 3608
'84-5 12A 4.875 0.807 205 50 15897 4373 3530
RX-7 '79-83 5.125 0.825 205 50 15897 4597 3793
'84-5 12A 5.125 0.807 205 50 15897 4597 3711

Last Modified 2001/04/09 © Felix Miata


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